Buying a flat in a communal building is an exciting step, but it is a little different to buying a freehold house. Leasehold properties come with specific rules, shared spaces and responsibilities that you should be aware of before you move.
For first-time leaseholders, understanding how things work from the outset can prevent future confusion and help you settle in more smoothly. From reviewing your lease to getting along with neighbours, this guide outlines what to know before you buy, and what to do when you move in.
Before You Buy: Know the Lease
Buying a leasehold flat is not the same as owning the building outright. You are effectively buying the right to live in the property for the length of the lease and under the lease terms.
Before you commit to buying, it is vital to read the lease carefully. This is a legal agreement that sets out what you can and cannot do with the property. If the language is confusing, seek legal advice.
Here are some key things to check:
- Restrictions on pets: Some buildings do not allow pets or require written permission.
- Flooring rules: Hard flooring like laminate may be restricted to reduce noise for neighbours below.
- Subletting clauses: If you plan to rent out your flat in the future, check if this is allowed.
- Alteration limits: You may need permission to make changes to your flat, even internal ones.
- The length of the lease.
- Whether the service charges seem reasonable.
What is an RMC and What Do They Do?
If possible, it is advisable to speak to current residents or review management reports to understand how well the building is run. It is likely to be managed by a managing agent and/or a Residents Management Company.
An RMC is a limited company formed by residents of the building to allow them to manage shared parts of the building, such as hallways, gardens, roofs and lifts themselves.
Their responsibilities usually include:
- Appointing managing agents or contractors
- Setting annual service charges and budgets
- Organising maintenance, cleaning and safety checks
- Handling insurance for the building
- Making decisions on repairs and improvements
If you are interested in having a hand in how the block is run, leaseholders can often get involved by attending Annual General Meetings (AGMs) or joining the board. The RMC is there to look after the interests of all residents, so it is worth knowing who they are and how they operate.
Your First Week Checklist
Once you have completed the purchase and collected the keys, there are a few things you should do straight away to get settled and avoid any surprises.
1. Label all keys and fobs: Many flats require several access items that may include your front door key, a communal door key or fob, bin store keys and sometimes a post box key. Label them clearly and check that they all work.
2. Take meter readings: Record gas, electricity and water meter readings on day one. This will avoid being billed for the previous owner’s usage.
3. Set up your utility accounts: Contact the existing utility suppliers to register your name and set up accounts. You can always compare deals and switch later if needed.
4.Meet the Managing Agent, RMC Directors or Freeholder: Confirm your contact details and find out how to report maintenance issues. Ask for copies of recent service charge accounts and meeting notes if you have not already received them.
Understand What is Covered by Your Service Charge
Leaseholders pay a service charge to cover the cost of maintaining and running the shared parts of the building. This may include:
- Cleaning of hallways and shared entrances
- Gardening and grounds maintenance
- Lift servicing and repairs
- Fire and general safety checks and compliance
- Buildings insurance
- Major works, like roof repairs or redecorating
You should receive a breakdown of what your service charge covers. If not, ask the managing agent or RMC for a summary. It is a good idea to keep records of what you pay and what services you receive in return.
Understanding Communal Spaces
In a communal building, shared areas like corridors, stairwells, lifts and gardens are for everyone to use. As such, there are a few unwritten rules (and some signposted or legal ones) to help keep things safe and pleasant for all residents.
Common areas are legally defined as fire escape routes, so hallways and other shared spaces must be kept clear at all times. Nothing should be left in corridors, stairwells, or landings – no shoes, pushchairs, bikes or doormats. These items can block exits in an emergency and may even be removed by the managing agent.
Your building will have its own bin storage arrangements. Make sure you understand which bins are for recycling, food waste or general rubbish. Overflowing bins attract pests and can lead to complaints from neighbours or fines from local authorities.
If your building has communal gardens or patios, respect the space and others using it. Keep noise down, clean up after yourself and follow any posted guidance. Some buildings are embracing the idea of shared vegetable patches or herb planters. If space allows, residents can grow food together and take turns with watering and weeding. These gardens can build community bonds, improve wellbeing and add to the character of the property – get stuck in if you can.
If your flat comes with a garage or allocated parking, follow the parking plan and respect your neighbours’ spaces. Do not store items in garages unless the lease allows it, as this can become a fire hazard or affect building insurance. If the garage block is communal, the RMC is usually responsible for upkeep. Report any damage, leaks, or lighting faults to the managing agent as soon as possible.
Being a Good Neighbour
Good leasehold living depends on cooperation. While you may not see your neighbours every day, mutual respect goes a long way to creating harmony. Here are a few ways to contribute positively to the building:
- Keep noise to a minimum, especially late at night or early in the morning
- Avoid DIY work during unsociable hours
- Let neighbours know in advance if you are planning a gathering or renovation
- Be polite and responsive if someone raises a concern
To Summarise
Owning a leasehold flat in a communal building brings unique responsibilities. Understanding your lease, getting to know the RMC or managing agent and respecting shared spaces can make life smoother for everyone. The better informed and more considerate you are, the more enjoyable your experience as a leaseholder will be.
